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Introduction: Srotas, the channels or microcirculatory systems described in Ayurveda, play a vital role in maintaining physiological and metabolic homeostasis. Proper functioning of Srotas ensures tissue nourishment, waste elimination, and overall health, whereas dysfunction can lead to disease onset. Classical Samhitas emphasize the classification, function, and pathology of Srotas, forming the foundation for diagnosis and therapeutics. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using classical Ayurvedic texts (Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya) and modern databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science). Keywords included “Srotas,” “Ayurveda,” “channel dysfunction,” “Dhatu,” and “disease pathogenesis.” Inclusion criteria encompassed classical references and peer-reviewed studies exploring Srotas anatomy, physiology, and pathology. Exclusion criteria included anecdotal reports and non-peer-reviewed sources. Results: Classical texts describe Srotas as channels for Dhatus, Doshas, and Mala, with specific structural and functional attributes. Dysfunction of Srotas manifests as obstruction, leakage, or imbalance, leading to diseases such as Prameha, Shotha, and Raktapitta. Modern research correlates Srotas with microcirculation, lymphatic flow, and organ-specific vascular networks. Therapeutic interventions, including Snehana, Swedana, Panchakarma, and Rasayana, aim to restore Srotas integrity. Discussion: Integrating classical descriptions with modern physiological understanding enhances disease prevention and personalized interventions. Current evidence supports the relevance of Srotas in systemic health, though challenges remain in translating classical concepts into measurable parameters. Conclusion: Understanding Srotas and their dysfunctions bridges classical Ayurvedic knowledge with contemporary medicine, offering insights for preventive and restorative healthcare. Standardization of assessment methods and translational research are essential for integrating Srotas-based interventions in modern practice.

KEYWORDS: Ayurveda, Channel, Dhatu, Srotas, Therapy