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Introduction: Ayurvedic pharmaceutics (Bhaishajya Kalpana) forms the backbone of therapeutic applications in classical medicine. Among various dosage forms, Arka (distillate preparations), Swarasa (fresh juice), and Kalka (herbal paste) hold unique importance due to their immediate applicability, potency, and therapeutic diversity. Their systematic mention in Samhitas, including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya, demonstrates their pivotal role in treatment strategies. Methods: A comprehensive review was conducted by analyzing Ayurvedic classical texts, commentaries, and Nighantus, alongside modern scientific databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies exploring pharmacological activities, standardization techniques, and clinical applications of Arka, Swarasa, and Kalka were included. Both experimental and clinical research validating traditional practices were reviewed. Results: Swarasa, considered the most potent among all Pancha Kashaya Kalpanas, is recommended for acute conditions due to its fast action. Kalka serves multiple roles—used alone as medicine, as an ingredient in formulations, and as a base for preparations like Taila and Ghrita. Arka, though emphasized later in Rasa Shastra texts, has its roots in Samhitas, especially for aromatic and volatile drugs, offering a pharmaceutically stable and palatable form. Modern studies reveal pharmacological potential such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and antimicrobial activities, along with standardization approaches for dose consistency. Discussion: Comparative analysis highlights that these three forms fulfill diverse therapeutic and pharmaceutic requirements—immediacy (Swarasa), versatility (Kalka), and stability (Arka). Integrating Samhita references with modern pharmaceutical validation enhances their clinical utility in evidence-based Ayurveda.

KEYWORDS: Arka, Ayurveda, Kalka, Pharmaceutics, Swarasa